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Monday, October 2, 2017

Difference between Kwashiorkor and Marasmus in table form

Difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor

 Marasmus Kwashiorkor Welcome Trust definition  <60% without edema 60-80% with edema  Stunting + Wasting below 3rd Centile   Physiological State Catabolism  Very low anabolism  Theory  Classical Low energy → Fat and Muscle wasting  Low protein → low oncotic pressure → edema Gopalan’s ( Theory of dysadaptabilty ) Chronic Adaptation to starvation Inability to adapt to nutritional stress → edema and epithelial damage Golden’s Theory (Free Radical Imbalance) Imbalance between production and disposal of free radical  Inability to produce protein  Signs and Symptoms Appearance Old man/ Monkey facies Baggy pant appearance  Moon face appearance Puffy Sugar baby Appearance  Age  Infants 1-5 years Prevalance More common  Less common Limbs Wasted  Subcutaneous tissue emaciated Wasted but masked by edema Weak hypotonic limbs Skin and hair Hypopigmented hair and dry scaly skin  Flaky paint skin   Flag sign (Alteranting hypo and hyper pigmentation of hair) Abdomen Distended but not ascetic  Hepatomegaly (fatty liver)   Petechial rashes (liver damage, low clotting factor) Infection  Low High Mental status Alert  Apathetic and irritable Appetite  Good Poor Others Serum albumin globulin ratio Low Very Low Response to treatment  Good  Poor
Difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkor


Marasmus
Kwashiorkor
Welcome Trust definition
<60% without edema
60-80% with edema

Stunting + Wasting below 3rd Centile

Physiological State
Catabolism
Very low anabolism
Theory
Classical
Low energy → Fat and Muscle wasting
Low protein → low oncotic pressure → edema
Gopalan’s ( Theory of dysadaptabilty )
Chronic Adaptation to starvation
Inability to adapt to nutritional stress → edema and epithelial damage
Golden’s Theory (Free Radical Imbalance)
Imbalance between production and disposal of free radical
Inability to produce protein
Signs and Symptoms
Appearance
Old man/ Monkey facies
Baggy pant appearance
Moon face appearance
Puffy Sugar baby Appearance
Age
Infants
1-5 years
Prevalance
More common
Less common
Limbs
Wasted
Subcutaneous tissue emaciated
Wasted but masked by edema
Weak hypotonic limbs
Skin and hair
Hypopigmented hair and dry scaly skin
Flaky paint skin 
Flag sign (Alteranting hypo and hyper pigmentation of hair)
Abdomen
Distended but not ascetic
Hepatomegaly (fatty liver)


Petechial rashes (liver damage, low clotting factor)
Infection
Low
High
Mental status
Alert
Apathetic and irritable
Appetite
Good
Poor
Others
Serum albumin globulin ratio
Low
Very Low
Response to treatment
Good
Poor



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